*Correspondence: Miao Chen, chenmiao@njupt.edu.cn; Xin Xiao, wdfhgovfeo@126.com, The Roles of Social Media in Education: Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive Dimensions, View all It can be expected that more longitudinal studies in future can show how the continuous use of social media can affect the fluctuations of any of these affective variables during the different academic courses students pass at school or university. In the same year, Yan et al. The present paper reviews the findings of the exemplary published works of research to shed light on the positive and negative potential effects of the massive use of social media on students emotional well-being. Social Media Questions for Students. If you answered no to Q2, then would you be interested in using Social Media as an educational tool? No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. An increasing number of educational institutions are using social media for promotional reasons. (Citation2020) reveal that the students utilisation of social media may increase the learners creativity in the field of academia. Social media activity showed to be positively and moderately associated with depression and anxiety. There is the . Stapel, D. A., and Koomen, W. (2000). For instance as a procedural remedy following the recommendations of Podsakoff, MacKenzie, and Podsakoff (Citation2012), we ensured our participants about the maintenance of their anonymity and abut the confidentiality of the information provided by them. J. Adolesc. 56, 218226. Differ. Front. Global Digital Report 2019-We Are Social. Sampasa-Kanyinga and Lewis (2015) examined the relationship between social media use and psychological distress. Probably a new line of research can be initiated to explore the co-development of teacher and learner psychological traits under the influence of social media use in longitudinal studies. Why do you use these social networking sites? PDF Influence of Social Media on the Social Behavior of Students as Viewed This research work seeks to determine the effects of social mediaboth good and badon students' academic achievement and student engagement on social media sites. (PDF) The Impact Of Social Media: A Survey - ResearchGate To analyse the conditional indirect effects of students use of social media on student engagement and student creativity through students intrinsic motivation, we examined Cyberbullying across the levels (i.e. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.1068, Tang, F., Wang, X., and Norman, C. S. (2013). Certainly, the educational space in todays world cannot do without the social media, which has turned into an integral part of everybodys life. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Our results are in line with student involvement theory (Astin Citation1984) and recent research, which has shown an association among social media utilisation by the students and its positive consequences, such as student creativity and academic performance (Malik et al. As many conditions of the educational settings do not allow for having control groups or randomization, probably, experimental studies do not help with this. Universities can provide more on-campus resources both for research and work experience purposes from which the students can benefit more than the cyberspace that can be tricky on many occasions. Considering the ubiquity of social media in everybody life including student life worldwide, it seems that more coping and compensatory strategies should be contrived to moderate the adverse psychological effects of the pervasive use of social media on students. J. Adolesc. This can be uniting and dividing. Youth 25, 7993. For example, someone might be passively using a social media sphere, and s/he may finally find him/herself with a changed mood depending on the nature of the content faced. Selected schools . (2015). Drawing on the assumptions of this theory, we believe that students interest in educational activities can be enhanced through the utilisation of social media, which will create more engagement and creativity of students. Frison and Eggermont (2016) examined the relationships between different forms of Facebook use, perceived social support of social media, and male and female students depressed mood. 6, 7783. Some empirical research studies have also found the negative impact of cyberbullying on student engagement (Cross et al. 61, 111. That is changing as scientists find new tools to answer the question. Building systems to understand this information can effectively monitor the spread of misinformation and verify user claims. Keles et al. Hanprathet, N., Manwong, M., Khumsri, J., Yingyeun, R., and Phanasathit, M. (2015). Citation2016). Recently, the concept of cyberbullying has gained popularity due to the extensive use of social media (Byrne, Vessey, and Pfeifer Citation2018; Lowry et al. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Assoc. The use of social media is ever increasing among students, both at school and university, which is partly because of the promises of technological advances in communication services and partly because of the increased use of social networks for educational purposes in recent years after the pandemic. This study was sponsored by Wuxi Philosophy and Social Sciences bidding projectSpecial Project for Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Workers in the New Form of Employment (Grant No. For instance, social media usage of students may increase the students intrinsic motivation leading to the students academic engagement and student creativity. Res. Behav. Citation2012). (Citation2017). The survey questionnaire was administered to students at NIT, Tanzania. The indirect effect of the usage of social media by students on creativity is weak at higher level of cyberbullying, i.e. PDF The Effects of Social Networking Sites on Students' Studying and - ed This stress-provoking effect of social media has been also pinpointed by Weng and Menczer (2015), who contended that social media becomes a main source of stress because people often share all kinds of posts, comments, and stories ranging from politics and economics, to personal and social affairs. Citation2020). Citation2019) and motivation (Malik et al. Psycho-emotional impact of social media emojis. Table 5. Researchers argue that when an individual's intrinsic motivation is absent, the individual pays less attention to the work because of the lack of interest and enjoyment (Grant and Ashford Citation2008; Zhang and Bartol Citation2010). The study made use of a survey approach and a questionnaire was used to gather data for the study. WASHINGTON A bipartisan group of senators on Wednesday introduced legislation that aims to protect children from any harmful effects . Whether trust in the safety of vaccines, trust in the necessity of lockdown measures, or trust in the very existence of the pandemic itself, successfully addressing the crisis has hinged on public confidence in government decisions. In recent years, several studies have been conducted to explore the potential effects of social media on students affective traits, such as stress, anxiety, depression, and so on. They spend more time on social media for communicating with friends or strangers or possibly they just passively receive the content produced out of any educational scope just for entertainment. As the majority of studies on the psychological effects of social media on student life have been conducted on school students than in higher education, it seems it is too soon to make any conclusive remark on this population exclusively. These researchers investigated the emotional effects of social media in higher education and found that the socially supportive role of social media was overshadowed in the long run in university students lives and, instead, fed into their perceived depression, anxiety, and stress. These researchers found that the use of social media for more than 2 h a day was correlated with a higher intensity of psychological distress. There are severe consequences of cyberbullying, which vary from psychological disorders to suicides (Cnat et al. Psychol. On the other hand, it should be noted that by feeling positive, learners might take full advantage of the affordances of the social media and; thus, be able to follow their learning goals strategically. Psychol. They may tend to encourage the use of social media hoping to benefit students social and interpersonal skills, self-confidence, stress-managing and the like. This image can be either close to or different from the reality. Intrinsic motivation is important for individuals performance and work engagement (Hendijani et al. An increasing number of educational institutions are . For further insights into this issue, some other suggested works of research include Chang (2012), Sriwilai and Charoensukmongkol (2016), and Zareen et al. 3099067 . The utilisation of social media can increase intrinsic motivation of students, which is subsequently associated with students engagement and creativity. Child Adolesc. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was formulated and a survey was carried out to collect data from the undergraduate students of different government colleges in Kashmir. People think that nowadays, social media does not belong to a particular sector of society, but has become part of the life of everyone, including students (Anser et al. Though social media has created tremendous chances for sharing ideas and emotions, the kind of social support it provides might fail to meet students' emotional . Communicating information from the school to parents. Citation2017). The truth about teens, social media and the mental health crisis As students, logically expected, spend more time with their teachers than counselors, they may be better and more receptive to the advice given by the former than the latter. The findings showed a mediating role of insomnia on the significant correlation between depression and addiction to social media. Chukwuere, J. E., and Chukwuere, P. C. (2017). The most salient risk factors of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression based on the systematic review were activities such as repeated checking for messages, personal investment, the time spent on social media, and problematic or addictive use. The engagement of a student is the passion, concentration, and hope that they reveal during their study (Posner and Posner Citation2009). Yes No 4. Specifically, research has found a positive association of students intrinsic motivation with student engagement (Malik et al. (PDF) Questionnaire On "The impact of social media-used on the The values of cornbachs alpha as reported in Table 2 for all sclaes are higher than the minimum acceptable value of 0.70. Results reported in our Table 2 reveal that the item loading are higher than the threshold value of 0.60 as recommended by Hair et al. Taylor & Francis does not sell reprints or permissions for this article. It specifically aimed to respond to these questions: 1. Face it, dont Facebook it: Impacts of social media addiction on mindfulness, coping strategies and the consequence on emotional exhaustion. We believe that social media platforms such as Researcchgate, Academia.edu, Linkedin, Facebook research groups, etc provide such a learning community to the students, which facilitates their engagement in academic activities. Citation2020) in academia. Psychol. Citation2020; Sugimoto et al. It should be reminded that the alleged socially supportive and communicative promises of the prevalent use of social networking in student life might not be fully realized in practice. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. XC 2021002). Students may lose self-appreciation and gratitude when they compare their current state of life with the snapshots of others or peers. Citation2020) and student innovation and creativity (Kinga et al. This study applied quantitative research methodology using a questionnaire to determine the. This stimulating environment makes learners rely too much, and spend too much time, on social media or use them obsessively. Yet, probably students need to be instructed on how to take advantage of the media and to be the least affected negatively by its occasional superficial and unrepresentative content. We are trying to make some valuable contributions to the literature on social media by developing and empirically testing our model. Institutions, in particular, teach their students to use the latest, popular, and social media tools that can enhance their intrinsic motivation in academic activities. J. Commun. Our research has some practical contributions for academicians, students, and the general public. Citation2019). Inform. Our study has found that cyberbullying can harm the positive utility of social media on learners outcomes. That's why we huddle with students across the country to empower them to navigate their social world - including social media and technology - positively. A students environment includes his social circle, family, friends, and school climate. Thus, it is necessary to know how the growing usage of social networks is associated with students affective health on different aspects. Note: Unstandardised regression coefficients are shown; Bootstrap sample size=5000; LLCI=Bias corrected lower limit confidence interval; ULCI=Bias corrected upper limit confidence interval; Significant at: *p < 0.05; * *p < 0.01; and ***p<.001. (2013) observed that the procedures of sharing information, commenting, showing likes and dislikes, posting messages, and doing other common activities on social media are correlated with higher stress. Citation2019; Hinduja and Patchin Citation2017). That is the question I have been asked and expect to continue to be asked more than any other after the seismic news that Fox News had fired its highest-rated host, Tucker Carlson. The teachers cannot always be in a full control of students use of social media, and the other fact is that students do not always and only use social media for educational purposes. Though most of these studies were correlational, and correlation is not the same as causation, as the studies show that the number of participants experiencing these negative emotions under the influence of social media is significantly high, more extensive research is highly suggested to explore causal effects (Mathewson, 2020). Facebook addiction and its relationship with mental health among Thai high school students. The authors distributed online survey links to the target population through WeChat/email. Hassandra, Goudas, and Chroni (Citation2003), believe that the social factors such as media may enhance intrinsic motivation. Raising learners awareness of this fact that individuals should develop their own path of development for learning, and not build their development based on unrealistic comparison of their competences with those of others, can help them consider positive values for their activities on social media and, thus, experience positive emotions. Note: Loadings:= Factor Loading, CA=Cronbachs alpha; CR=composite reliability; AVE=average variance extracted. Hu et al. This study shows that in these modern times, social media enhances the students motivation, which is subsequently associated with their engagement and creativity in academia. S/N Name of School Local Government Sampled respondents Adamawa State polytechnic, Yola North 50 2 Adamawa State University Mubi 50 3 Federal The exemplary works of research on this topic in recent years will be reviewed here, hoping to shed light on the positive and negative effects of these ever-growing influential platforms on the psychology of students. Psychol. Psychol. Yet, the instances of the latter were more salient and the negative psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress have been far from negligible. (2011). Then, this good or bad mood is easily shared with others in a flash through the social media. Addict. Behav. Frontiers | The effect of social media on the development of students (Olivier Douliery /AFP via . What social networking sites do you use? Another important finding of our research is to identify a boundary condition role of cyberbullying. We also plotted a graphical diagram to understand the moderating role of Cyberbullying on the relationship between students use of social media and students intrinsic motivation. Impact of social media on youth Survey - SurveyMonkey Creativity refers to the interaction among aptitude, process, and the environment by which an individual or group produces a perceptible product that is both novel and useful as defined within a social context (Plucker, Beghetto, and Dow Citation2004, 90). J. Exp. Results reported in Table 4 reveal that the usage of social media by students is positively associated with students intrinsic motivation (B=0.036, t=4.72, and p<0.001), students creativity (B=0.13, t=2.11, and p<0.05), and students engagement in academia (B=0.14, t=2.25, and p<0.05), supporting our hypotheses H1a and H1b. Therefore, we developed a hypothesis that is; H1b: The usage of social media by students is associated positively with students creativity. That is changing as scientists find new tools to answer the question. Using social media can play a major role in university students psychological well-being than expected. Hum. The truth about teens, social media and the mental health crisis doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118410, Yan, H., Zhang, R., Oniffrey, T. M., Chen, G., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., et al. (Getty Images) Social media connects people and amplifies different aspects of humanity in good and bad ways. Social Media Questions for Students - Gather Lessons Social media has turned into an essential element of individuals lives including students in todays world of communication. In the same year, Tsitsika et al. Their main reasons for using social media might be different from school students as well, which need to be investigated more thoroughly. Table 3 reports that the correlation values of all the constructs are less than the values of the square root of AVEs of the respective constructs, which indicates that there is a good decrement validity in our data. Figure 2. As such, we found that cyberbullying weakens the association among social media usage and of learner's engagement and creativity through intrinsic motivation. Child Fam. Educators may more often be mesmerized by the promises of technology-, computer- and mobile-assisted learning. Health 55, 141147. The remaining author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Ann. Laura Tierney. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. This is a very critical finding of our study, which gets the attention of students, academicians, parents, and governments who should come up with ways to mitigate the negative impact of cyberbullying happening on the academic purpose of social media platforms. Yes No 2. Astin (Citation1984, 297) initially presented the concept of student engagement as the amount of physical and psychological energy that the student devotes to the academic experience. doi: 10.21832/HIVER5747, Iwamoto, D., and Chun, H. (2020). No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). The job is pretty simple and straightforward. Student motivation is an important factor that enhances student engagement (Martin Citation2007) and creativity (Hennessey Citation2015; Malik et al. Third, extending our research to examine a comprehensive model on the usage of social media of students, we are investigating cyberbullying as a boundary condition. entertainment, news presenter | 4.8K views, 28 likes, 13 loves, 80 comments, 2 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from GBN Grenada Broadcasting Network: GBN News 28th April 2023 Anchor: Kenroy Baptiste. The intrinsic motivation of our students was measured with a four-item scale developed by Jaramillo et al. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in a medical school over a period of 3 months (Nov 2018-Jan 2019), where 400 medical undergraduates who use social media participated in the study. Citation2018; Lin et al. Data collected from . For example, our study used the cross-sectional research design, which has a threat of common method variance (CMV). These findings were discussed in relation to some more relevant theories such as the social comparison theory, which predicted that most of the potential issues with the young generations excessive use of social media were induced by the unfair comparisons they made between their own lives and the unrealistic portrayal of others on social media. (2017) explored change in negative investment in social networking in relation to change in depression and externalizing behavior. The findings of our study inform that students use of social media is associated with positive study outcomes (such as intrinsic motivation, students engagement, and student creativity) only when students experience less cyberbullying on social media. The impact of social media on social comparison and envy in teenagers: The moderating role of the parent comparing children and in-group competition among friends. Both authors listed have made a substantial, direct, and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. These researchers found a positive association between the passive use of the Facebook and depression and also between the active use of the social media and depression. However still, we believe that a longitudinal research design or an experimental laboratory study may enhance the validity of testing our model. Figure 2 reveals that the relationship between students use of social media and students intrinsic motivation is weaker at the higher level of Cyberbullying.