Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. In the commander's order, the engagement criteria tasked the reconnaissance section or team to engage when the enemy force consists of one wheeled vehicle or less (dismounted troops). From this position, he establishes local security (a hasty OP) and monitors and controls the efforts of his sections or teams. (f) Establish a Hasty Defense. Squad column with fire teams in wedge. Traveling overwatch and bounding overwatch are most often executed at the section level. As an example, a two-vehicle section may use bounding overwatch (Figure 3-12). Platoon herringbone formation. Crossing large open areas mounted (traveling overwatch). Visual contact (friendly elements may or may not be observed by the enemy). When maneuvering, the platoon leader considers the following. To regain the use of all his assets, the platoon leader continues coordination to hand off contact to a follow-on element (Figure 3-15). Figure 3-12. The reconnaissance platoon uses this technique only when an analysis of METT-TC shows that only one lane is feasible. This method is easier to control and is more secure than alternate bounding, but it is slower. Ideally, the overwatch element keeps the bounding element in sight. Only in this way can it move effectively while maintaining adequate security. (3) Emergency Exfiltration. The platoon leader quickly moves forward, confirms the danger area, and determines what technique the platoon will use to cross. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. If this occurs, the platoon leader must decide whether to commit additional platoon assets to the contact to develop it further or to adopt a COA based on the information he has discovered to that point. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Aids maneuver, good dispersion laterally and in depth, Allows large volume of fire to the flanks, but only limited volume to the front, Limited man-ever capability (both fire teams com-matted), Allows maximum immediate fire to the front, Good to the front, little to the flank and rear, Most difficult formation to maneuver from, Allows immediate fire to the flanks, masks most fire to the front and rear. The term "movement techniques" does not refer to the movement of fixed formationsit refers to the fluctuating distances between soldiers, teams, and squads. Once the platoon crosses the linear danger area, the main body begins moving slowly on the designated azimuth. (3) The leader plots waypoints on easily recognizable terrain and on significant turns on the route for ease in navigation. In less rugged terrain, where the leader can control movement more easily, soldiers expand or resume their original positions. A dismounted observation post (OP) (two to three Soldiers); A local security team (two Soldiers); Two dismounted patrols, each less than less than six hours in duration (six personnel each);. The sides of the wedge can contract to the point that the wedge resembles a single file. (May 31, 2018) -- The Army is using developmental operations to explore potential improvements to the service's critical friendly force tracking system Joint Battle Command-Platform, known as JBC-P. 0000002347 00000 n Figure 3-8. hbbd```b`` (d/7HO0 D0D2 b xU";ouH~/ # KFg` ? The section or team leader organizes a hasty reconnaissance patrol that attempts to move to the flank or rear of the enemy and observes the enemy position. They reposition the vehicles as needed to take advantage of the best cover, concealment, and fields of fire. The lead vehicle then moves forward again, with the overwatch vehicle providing security. The platoon leader moves his element to a covered and concealed hide position where he can maintain effective communications with both subordinate elements and higher headquarters. This gives the platoon the greatest possible flexibility to maneuver and develop the situation. Physical contact (direct fire) with an enemy force or civilians. 5-141. Each infiltrating element must develop and rehearse a plan that clearly defines its actions in case of contact with enemy security forces. Whenever possible, dismounted members should reconnoiter the entire wood line before mounted movement to the wooded area. When using infrared light, leaders must consider the enemy's night vision and infrared capabilities. 0000040587 00000 n Rally points may be in either enemy or friendly areas, depending on the situation. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. When the platoon moves at normal dispersion intervals, the leader uses voice communications and visual contact to control movement. Crossing large open areas mounted (bounding overwatch). When engagement is complete and the enemy is destroyed, the COA is obvious: the section or team continues its mission. 0000103808 00000 n The unit that moves first keeps its weapon systems oriented on the enemy. The overriding factor in determining whether to use single or multiple lanes is the ability to remain undetected. At the same time, however, movement techniques alone are not enough to guarantee accomplishment of these tactical goals. When expecting contact, the platoon should use the slowest, most secure movement technique (Figure 3-19). The platoon uses the herringbone to disperse when traveling in column formation (Figure 3-6). Just as they do with movement techniques, platoon leaders plan formations based on where they expect enemy contact and on the higher commander's plans to react to contact. the commander, but a mounted OP consists of at least one BFIST or fire support vehicle (FSV) and a dismounted OP consists of at least two FOs. b. Once in position, the base-of-fire element suppresses known, likely, or suspected enemy elements and at the same time aggressively scans its assigned sectors. The platoon leader uses traveling overwatch when he thinks contact could occur (Figure 3-13). 336 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2AF0C0400991FCAF7E05FBAF2D63923D>]/Index[313 39]/Info 312 0 R/Length 112/Prev 388775/Root 314 0 R/Size 352/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream c. Bounding Overwatch (Mounted). These techniques provide a standard method of movement, but the platoon leader must use common sense in employing them as he performs his missions and encounters different situations. The platoon must also establish a hasty defense when the enemy executes a hasty attack. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. This is especially important when the platoon is moving through an enemy security area where enemy forces are likely to move in response to friendly activity or when the platoon expects to encounter a moving enemy force. 0000001717 00000 n Leaders move units tactically to prepare them for contact. For example, the reconnaissance platoon leader must anticipate contingency measures in case his elements must conduct an unplanned exfiltration during a reconnaissance operation. It immediately sends a contact report informing higher headquarters that it has made visual contact with the enemy but is not being engaged. a. Dismounted Formations. Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns. Infantry Squad Size from World War II to the Present, Integrating Dismounted Infantry Capabilities with Combat Vehicles. Exfiltration pickup points for dismounted personnel should be far enough away from the OP to ensure the enemy does not hear vehicle or helicopter noises. Based on the initial spot report of the reconnaissance section or team in contact, the platoon leader determines that he has located his primary reconnaissance objective. The plan would mandate that the resupply location be specially marked for security and identity purposes. An element (normally a section or team) maintains contact while the rest of the reconnaissance platoon continues the reconnaissance mission. The mission started at 6:30 a.m. with a linkup between Bandit Troop and the ANA at the range outside of FOB Lightning. 0000006856 00000 n Bounding overwatch, the slowest but most secure movement technique, is employed when enemy contact is expected. Both the platoon leader and platoon sergeant stay in the center of the formation, with their wingmen located to the rear of and outside of them. It simplifies the transition to dismounted operations in complex terrain. After considering these factors, the leaders decide to infiltrate either mounted or dismounted. The lead element and the overwatch element see the signature of the enemy weapon system. 0000103428 00000 n Using the components taken from the currently fielded. "They want a mobile solution for Airborne operations, long-range reconnaissance patrol or going through mountainous or jungle terrain.". This gives the rest of the platoon freedom to maneuver. His exfiltration plan should factor in additional time that the platoon may need to react to unforeseen circumstances, such as inadvertent contact with enemy forces or unexpected restrictive terrain. endstream endobj 43 0 obj <>>>/Metadata 40 0 R/Outlines 33 0 R/Pages 39 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 44 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 34 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 45 0 obj <> endobj 46 0 obj [/ICCBased 64 0 R] endobj 47 0 obj <> endobj 48 0 obj [69 0 R] endobj 49 0 obj <>stream What kind of infantry fighting vehicle does the Army require? (a) The platoon leader updates his spot report to the commander with any new information and then recommends a COA to the commander. When terrain permits sections to be mutually supporting (such as in desert terrain) and other METT-TC factors are favorable, the platoon leader can use this technique to control bounding by sections. (4) Rally Point. Compared to mounted operations,. Once far-side security is established, a dismounted element moves to the destroyed vehicle and conducts a thorough search for prisoners, items of intelligence value, and any other information that can be gained from a close examination of the enemy. 0000041306 00000 n To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. (e) Conduct a Hasty Attack. Reducing the size, weight and power, commonly known as SWaP, is a critical objective, said Brendan Schafer, a computer scientist with the Communications-Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center -- the Army science and technology organization spearheading the effort, with resourcing from Project Manager Mission Command. Infiltration plans always cover employment of indirect fires although the platoon uses them only in limited circumstances. U.S. Army mechanized infantry dismount from an M113 armored personnel carrier during training in 1985. ), I generally prefer to keep melee lords dismounted. 0000010085 00000 n The difference between mounted riflemen and dragoons was in their weaponry. The patrol also uses the coil for tactical refueling, resupply, and issuing patrol orders. This choice is made because the platoon leader determines that the force he has located is the objective of his commander; therefore, this COA is in accordance with his commander's intent. Establishing a contact point to link up with, brief, and guide the friendly unit as necessary. (1) Far-Side Rally Point. It allows the platoon to cover the most ground systematically with maximum reconnaissance forward (Figure 3-3). Urban areas are ideal for effective ambush by small numbers of infantry. Infiltration is a form of maneuver that entails movement by small groups or individuals, at extended or irregular intervals, through or into an area occupied by an enemy or friendly force, while avoiding contact with the enemy. With bounding overwatch, one element is always stopped to provide overwatching fire. This will help direct the rest of the platoon to the location. Maneuver provides the foundation for battlefield employment. If the platoon makes contact in or near the danger area, it moves to the designated rally points. Small clearings may require crossing in the same manner as a large open area. However, it must stay far enough to the rear to retain freedom of maneuver, in case an enemy force engages the lead element. This paragraph discusses the technological advantages of the mobility systems and C3 subsystems of the reconnaissance platoon as operational aids for planning, navigating, controlling, and executing combat operations. Based on the available information and his commander's intent and guidance, the platoon leader decides to leave one section in contact to support a hasty attack by a supporting MGS platoon. Figure 3-6. The various techniques and formations have unique advantages and disadvantages. One version under assessment consists of a commercial-off-the-shelf tablet loaded with the JBC-P software that is coupled with an Iridium network device the size and weight of a smartphone. Once the reconnaissance section or team is set in cover and concealment and has submitted its initial reports, it must develop the situation. Column formation with dispersal for added security (staggered column). The platoon leader follows up on the contact report with an initial spot report. His other sections continue their reconnaissance mission. Continue with Recommended Cookies. by Bruce Held, Mark A. Lorell, James T. Quinlivan, Chad C. Serena. The echelon formation covers the exposed flank of a larger force well, and has the following characteristics, advantages, and limitations: SecurityGood, for echelon sides of higher formation. When using this technique, the platoon could be in a column formation or dispersed in its other formations (Figure 3-9). The advantages of moving as a platoon are faster movement and easier control and navigation. Patrols request permission to return to the platoon vehicles. The routes should facilitate mission accomplishment within the limitations of boundaries and allow freedom of maneuver. The Army has examined the lessons of half a dozen significant conflicts, starting with World War II, has conducted numerous studies over the last 65 years, and has found time and again that an ability to conduct dismounted fire and maneuver is the fundamental squad-level tactic. The battalion must carefully coordinate and rehearse employment of the reaction force and supporting fires before initiating the infiltration (or other tactical mission, if applicable). (a) Deploy and Report. (4) In severely restricted terrain, the bounding element makes shorter bounds than it would in more open areas. The element that remains in contact maintains visual contact with the enemy and reports if the enemy situation changes. When that point is reached, the overwatch element must move out, even if the bounding element has not yet reached a position of cover and concealment. The platoon operates with and without vehicle support, so section and platoon leaders must understand how to move and maneuver in either tactical situation. Wherever the platoon expects possible contact, or after the squad or platoon moves within small-arms range of the far side (within about 250 meters of it), the platoon uses bounding overwatch. (1) Squad Column. As Soldiers connect to the BFT network, X JBC-P would achieve units' needs for beyond line-of-sight mission command for company and above echelons. They increase the number of maneuver options available to a. The research described in this report was sponsored by the United States Army and conducted by the RAND Arroyo Center. For this reason, the Army considers the program to be one of its most important. The reconnaissance platoon employs movement techniques for a number of reasons (to minimize exposure, maintain freedom of movement, maximize available tactical options, and react effectively to contact). hb```e``_/31 P`Q;:*:2@zb1H1 {MaF+ A'2pLK`/~T'4#; |[pq2N@pQ> j * When the platoon leader expects contact and the terrain prohibits mounted movement, or when the rifle squads move separated from the vehicles, the platoon (-) bounds with the rifle squads deployed. These plans should address various contingencies for movement, such as the possibility that the platoon may be able to exfiltrate intact or in smaller groups to avoid detection. b. Leaders track the movement of forward security elements.. (2) Evaluate and Develop the Situation. (c) The leader must designate an alternate rally point to use if the primary rally point is occupied by the enemy, is compromised, or is found to be unsuitable. 0000082981 00000 n (a) Alternate Bounds. According to the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, "Mounted rifles are half cavalry, mounted infantry merely specially mobile infantry." Today, with motor vehicles having replaced horses for military transport, the motorized infantry are in some respects successors to mounted infantry. When contact is made, the platoon executes battle drills, designated by SOP, to maintain freedom of maneuver and avoid becoming decisively engaged. (1) It is critical that the platoon maintains continuous surveillance of these mobility corridors to provide security against enemy forces that move into the sector after the reconnaissance platoon has moved on. These lateral corridors pose a security threat to both the platoon and the other friendly elements. However, navigation, consolidation, and command and control are more difficult. Executing the four steps allows the platoon to accomplish its mission in accordance with reconnaissance fundamentals: (1) Deploy and Report. In another instance, the platoon may deploy in a stay-behind mode during defensive operations, requiring it to plan and execute movement to return to friendly controlled areas. The software should not limit the platoon leader's planning and use of control measures and operational graphics.
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