The amount of moisture in the wood at the time of milling is noted. Ground contact means anything within 6-inches of the ground or in contact with the ground, foliage, grasses, or over water or wet areas. As I understand it, the grade refers to the number of knots in a given length. Wood preservation also helps conserve forest resources for future generations by greatly reducing the amount of wood needed to replace untreated wood structures prematurely damaged by decay or termites. The pressure-treatment process Timber components, machined to their finished dimensions and at an appropriate moisture content, are impregnated with preservatives in large pressure vessels, where the combination of vacuum and high-pressure drives the preservative into the wood. However, treated lumber may be kiln-dried or wet and will shrink, cup, and warp as it dries. #1 will have less knots and is typically spec'd for joists and rafters. Just to second what rjniles just said, the HD guy couldn't be more wrong (imagine that). 6^,fniSgdc24.L7` b. Please keep in mind, that with the advent of prime grades, the differences between the grades of lumber have become even more defined and distinct. Appearance is same as C Finish for thicknesses of 4" and less and widths 12" and less. It was widely used as a preservative from the mid-1930s to 2004. There are six different types of pressure treatment ratings, with different categories in some of them. www.strongtie.com/products/ptwoodfaqs.html, FAQ: Pressure-Treated Wood | Simpson Strong-Tie. These Standards are very prescriptive in the requirements for Quality Control procedures, preservative penetration, analysis methods for retention, in-plant equipment, records and third-party agency responsibilities and requirements. Even if you are on the right track, you will still get run over if you just sit there. Some lumber is also treated for fire protection and used throughout different areas of residential, commercial, and industrial construction. The preservatives provide protection against rot, insects, mold, and fungi, so the wood lasts longer. No matter what it is called or tagged, it should bear a stamp on the wood surface identifying it as SS, #1, # 2, or #3. Powered by Discourse, best viewed with JavaScript enabled, www.strongtie.com/products/ptwoodfaqs.html, http://www.anthonyforest.com/pdfs/AWPA-Use-Category-System-U1-07.pdf. Largest hole permitted is 1/16". To qualify for a SPIB grade-marking license, a mill must have verified credentials in the manufacturing, seasoning, and grading of Southern Pine lumber. All rights reserved. Allows well-spaced knots of any quality. Similar to MCA, the treated wood shouldnt be used in contact with food or animal feed. All rights reserved. Top-quality lumber 2x4 through 2x12 are either #2 Prime grade, #2 & Better/Appearance grade or #1 grade. It has nothing to do with the wood being pressure treated (PT) at all. MCA is an environmentally friendly water-based preservative considered safe for humans and animals and is an alternative to CCA. Timber Grades have similar characteristics to the corresponding grades of dimension lumber. Machine Evaluated Lumber is also required to meet certain visual requirements. 43:Gs * endstream endobj 143 0 obj <>stream The wood is 43% clear for appearance grading. Gives the trademark or number of the mill of origin. Box 10915 Pensacola, Fl. check out this FAQ web site. From the cedar shakes, facia, and trim of a house to the sill plate and wooden foundations or supports, pressure treated wood is common in residential construction. Got the ledger #2 GC from the lumber yard. This service is intended to assist mills in supplying products that meet the standards for wood packaging The retention level is measured in pounds of chemical per cubic foot of wood (pcf). Provides good appearance with some of, Maximum recommended support spacing is 24" on center (16" on center for Imported Southern Pine), High-quality product, recommended where smallest knots are, Slightly less restrictive than premium grade. Structurally, an SPF #3 28 can be used to span distances of 12-4. SPIB also inspects mills that manufacture and label various lumber products under these rules. The SPIB Treated Wood Quality Audit Program provides a customized third-party quality control program to help Treated Wood producers meet industry-approved standards. Combination for B&B and C grades; satisfies requirements for. s SPIB is accredited through IAS and maintains ISO certification as both an inspection agency (ISO 17020) and a Laboratory (ISO 17025). So, weve covered a lot of ground, but this is not the end, not by a long shot! Recommended where appearance and strength are a consideration. Larger sizes conform to Dense Structural 65 Structural Lumber except for dense grain requirement. One even identifies its pressure treated pine fence boards as D & better so its appearance has small pin knots and some other blemishes. #2 Prime Grade has a maximum hole size of ". It should be noted, #2 & BTR does not mean #1. Select Structural (SS) is the highest grade based on strength and durability. The wood is commonly used for light construction or framing where it isnt visible, or for bracing, packaging, and shipping purposes. Pressure treated lumber commonly is end-tagged with an information label before leaving the plant. Box 10915 Pensacola, Fl. vX63t$i"CIdxGFG(bpX@F2@2@pGG1Z@? s Exciting stuffyou wont want to miss that! Suitable for use as individual laminations for structural glued laminated timbers. The wood weathers better than untreated wood and wont gray or discolor as quickly. Lumber must be stamped for strength by a trained inspector and identified with a legitimate stamp. Helping You to Do It Yourself! Suitable for economical use as sheathing or lathing. maple, oak, birch, etc. Application of the product requires pressure treatment by an approved treating process and preservative for. For complete information about types of preservatives, the latest industry standards, product identification and specification guidelines, refer to SFPAs booklet,Pressure-Treated Southern Pine (download in Publications). 2 Dimension Lumber characteristics. As the numbers go up, quality and price go down. The greater the content of preservatives denotes the type and use of the treated wood. Twenty cores are taken randomly throughout the charge to measure the depth of preservative penetration in each core. Both can be used for load-bearing purposes or other outdoor applications. There are many other uses for pt lumber, including docks, boathouses, sheds, boardwalks, play structures, gazebos, and the list goes on. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Standards Revised The 2016 Book of Standards published by the American Wood Protection Association(AWPA) includes revisions to treated wood standards: Ground Contact-treated wood is now required when installed less than 6 off the ground; when it is wetted on a frequent and recurring basis; for joists and beams that are difficult to maintain, repair or replace and are critical to the performance and safety of the structure; when used in tropical climates. Recommended for same purposes as Construction grade. #2 Prime grade southern yellow pine. Industry quality-control standards for the manufacture and preservation of Southern Pine ensure long-term performance and minimize environmental impact. SPIB is committed to assisting our customers meet their treatment goals in the most cost-effective means possible. For additional information on the proper handling and storage of pressure-treated Southern Pine materials,click here. Some types of timber have natural abilities while others need a boost. Gloves protect against slivers and water-soluble chemicals; it is also advisable to thoroughly wash hands before eating or drinking. The molecular changes in wood composition result in unique features: The chemical treatment makes the wood resists insects, mold, mildew, and rot but not moisture-proof. This website is presented by SFPA members, including: 2023 Southern Forest Products Association. A final vacuum removes the excess preservative from the woods surface before the charge is removed from the cylinder and placed on the drip pad. However, it shouldnt be used where it comes in contact with food or animal feed. Good, serviceable sheathing; usable for many economical applications without waste. 3 (lowest strength, not pretty). Most of this new treated lumber looks untreated as compared to the old green stuff, I did learn that they add color to some of it to try and make it look more like treated. VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. 2, and No. HWW&)@@vaU\P}qtyneG@@x7]Ia8QNoW%T"HH zB-rJ(TG?e)-3"kzvdkMwTXcfb`UML||d]/t@Q1~Q#|30LQA RG vy_rfazhfx NL+XEB7Hb%Y5?_9_h4}EZ^R Z}'a1+&z&j+m}b? z[TWL*baKq @NO{CHpXa2 PkHX%W!AH0aP1 bB z%Oev+Yh!UL$(MJ \N Establishes lumber quality based on a graders visual inspection. High quality with good appearance characteristics. The current process is mostly computerized and mechanized using modern technology. the Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (SPIB) Standard Grading Rules for Southern Pine Lumber. Listed spans are for wet-service conditions, pressure-treated Southern Pine floor/deck joists, MC > 19%. I did find a post about how the PT label might be cut off the end of a board and the stamp that is left shows HT or kiln dried HT. Email: cspsales@canfor.com. While each charge is evaluated on its own merit, it is important to note that overall evaluation of plant performance is done over the most recent 20 samples. Here is a list and description of some of them. The lumber is stronger than #1 or #2 and is ideal for all structural construction applications. Protecting wood against rot and insects has been done for centuries. A walk down the lumber aisle or through a lumberyard will provide some understanding of the differences between #1 and #2 grade pressure treated lumber, or increase your confusion. #2: When appearance is of moderate concern, this grade will contain moderate size knots and can have a considerable amount of wane. Most likely it is a treated board, since most treated lumber is sold wet, some yards sell K.D.A.T. There is no structural premium grade, it is strictly a term for bright looking wood free of blemishes or knots. Box 10915 Pensacola, Fl. All Scaffold Plank design values are calculated using ASTM Standards D245 and D2555. Each charge is tallied as to the specific Production Category that will be used to determine the level of sampling to be performed in the plants treated wood inventory. {l@n7gM. It's easy to work with. SPIB is accredited through IAS and maintains ISO certification as both an inspection agency (ISO 17020) and a Laboratory (ISO 17025). In preparation for treatment, like lumber products are grouped together onto moving trams and placed into a large cylinder for treatment of the charge. A study by the EPA in 2000 deemed it too hazardous for residential use, and in 2003 the lumber industry agreed to stop using it for residential purposes. Like all lumber, the fewer knots, blemishes, or defects, the higher the grade. Raised floor homes look great and protect homeowners against risks from flooding and subsiding soils. It is the material of choice with both professionals and do-it-yourselfers for projects exposed to the rigors of weather, hot, humid climates, decay, and termites. Borates are sodium salts used in water-based pressure treatment solutions. Modern chemical baths and pressurization began in the early half of the 20th century. r This information must include the charge number, treatment date, products treated, tally, cycle parameters and preservative solution strength for each charge. Those stacks also include some No. The grade-mark must contain the first four items listed below; the fifth item is optional. Other than the features that depend on the type of tree the wood came from (i.e. Treatment with preservatives protects wood that is exposed to the elements, in contact with the ground or subjected to high humidity. Treated wood is made from strong evergreen species making it suitable for most building projects. This double treated Ground Contact lumber must be used for applications where treated lumber is difficult to maintain, repair or replace. Got your hard hat and high-vis vest? SPIB is subject to continual review by IAS to ensure that the laboratory and agency records remain in compliance. Walking into a lumberyard or store can be a daunting experience. Lumber structurally graded #1 or #1 & BTR (#1 and better) has a wood grain slope of 1 in 10. By the end of the article, youll have a better understanding of what different pressure treatments mean, and how to select the grade and type for the use you intend. Youll get less movement with kiln-dried (KD) or surface-dry (S-DRY) lumber, which has a moisture content between 16 and 19 percent. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. It is not as strong as the other grades and is commonly used for where it wont be visible, and light framing purposes such as bracing, crates, and pallets. I noticed that a 2x8x16 is 5 bucks less a board at HD than the quote that a lumber yard gave, but everything the lumber yard quoted is ground contact. Wearing safety glasses or a shield protects the eyes from dust and debris when drilling, cutting, or sanding, and a dust mask will prevent inhalation of dust and chemicals. Tell us how we're doing! For appearance, it must be 29% clear of defects. Then I worked to drink. WestWood Heat Treated Lumber Production Corporation is unique technology that uses heat treatment instead of chemicals for timber processing to significantly improve various characteristics of wood. materials that may be exported. It must specifically be labeled ground contact. The wood then is dried naturally or in a kiln to evaporate the water out, leaving the preservatives behind. Tough to find decent boards. By submitting your email, you agree to our, 5 Easy Ways to Remove Scratches from a Glass Window, Build It | Shaker End Table with Char Miller-King, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. The SPIB grade-mark is recognized as a sign of integrity within the industry. Grademarks. (KD-HT means the wood was also heat treated to kill pests, a requirement for imported lumber.) Kiln-dried wood is lighter, easier to work with, and less likely to split. CCA is a mixture of chromium, copper, and arsenic that turns wood green. Fax: (850) 434-1290. Advances in preservative treatments, environmental management and sustainable forestry practices make treated wood an ecologically sound building material. The table below identifies the main differences. . It is stronger than #2 or #3 grade lumber. MSR Scaffold Plank is available 2"-thick only. All four longitudinal faces must be free of pith and/or heartwood. 2 lumber, which provides good strength at a reasonable price. Overall plant evaluation is done by means of separating and inspecting all of the different Production Categories to help identify very specific areas of concern, if any exist. 1, No. Luckily, a more budget-friendly option of pressure treated lumber grades is available. Unseasoned or green lumber has a moisture content of 19% or greater and subject to shrinkage and warping as it dries. When pressure treated it is resistant to decay and termites. The wood grain has a 1 in 8 slope, and there may be bark edge or wane visible. Tom saves money by ordering S-GRN wood when framing a new house, figuring that all the wood will air dry at the same pace. Each American Lumber Standard Committee (ALSC) certified agency has its own registered grade-mark. OK then thanks. Both #2 grades have all the characteristics, including knot size, of regular #2 grades but are selected for 4 square edges (very light to no-wane or bark). Copyright 2023 This Old House Ventures, LLC. Dressed to standard dry size prior to machine stress rating, and visually graded to assure that characteristics affecting strength are no more serious than the limiting characteristics for each grade. Dimension stability improves 12-17 times compared to untreated wood Check sources of supply for available grades and sizes. An excellent decking grade that can be used face side down for roof decking or face side up for floor decking. End-glued, face-glued, and edge-glued Southern Pine in glued assemblies, including stress-rated grades of finger-jointed 2" Dimension Lumber. Now I must drink to work. For outdoor seating. Generally clear, although a. x 12 in. Recommended where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired. CCA Pressure-Treated Wood Wood-constructed homes, roof shakes and shingles, exterior decks, and children's play equipment that were built before 2004 and not made of cedar or redwood were likely constructed using wood that was pressure-treated with CCA, or chromated copper arsenate. The cores are then dried and ground for the purpose of analyzing the dust by x-ray, titration or gas chromatography methods. There is no standard for appearance grading and select or premium could be #1 or #2 structural grade, it just increases the cost to the consumer for better wood. Regardless of whether the preservative system is approved through the AWPA or ICC-ES process, the inspection and analytical standards used to monitor the respective quality attributes are delineated in the AWPA Book of Standards. http://www.anthonyforest.com/pdfs/AWPA-Use-Category-System-U1-07.pdf. "Stud" is a fifth designation, meaning it's good for a load-bearing wall. The unique cellular structure of Southern Pine permits deep and uniform penetration of preservatives, rendering the wood useless as a food source for fungi, termites and micro-organisms. What is the Best Pressure Treated Wood for Decks? Characteristics are limited to provide good strength and excellent serviceability. Then I worked to live. The most noticeable difference may be the price and scarcity of #1 grade lumber. JavaScript is disabled. This specific set of data for each charge is called a charge report. Pressure-Treated Lumber 15 Span Tables . Pressure-Treated Pine meets the highest grading standards for strength and appearance. ? spib no. Basements and bathrooms are other areas where pressure treated wood can be used to frame interior walls to protect against moisture, mildew, and mold damage. Grade based on No.2 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited. Raised floor homes look great and protect homeowners against risks from flooding and subsiding soils. hbbd``b`i@i`}{" s@BHpE ^ !RHp@00 30 . endstream endobj startxref 0 %%EOF 162 0 obj <>stream Review this helpful illustration showing the proper application of pressure-treated Southern Pine materials for a variety of projects around the home. 139 0 obj <> endobj 153 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[139 24]/Info 138 0 R/Length 80/Prev 801267/Root 140 0 R/Size 163/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream It could be HT and then PTd later? Recommended for uses where high strength, stiffness and good Using expensive wood that is naturally resistant may not fit the budget. Recommended for general framing purposes. The treating process includes an initial vacuum to remove the excess moisture and air to aid in the absorption process. There may be a secondary stamp that identifies the visual grade as Premium or Select A, B, C, or D. Pressure treated lumber also has an end-tag stuck or stapled to one end. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking. SPIB is subject to continual review by IAS to ensure that the laboratory and agency records remain in compliance. It is stamped S-GRN for surface-green or AD for air-dried. Many DIYers and even some professionals arent familiar with the different types of pressure treated wood and their uses, or that the information is on the end-tag stapled to the board. Knots must be well spaced and tight, so they wont fall out, and no larger than 2-3/4 in a 28. MSR lumber is distinguished from visually stress graded lumber in that each piece is non-destructively tested. UC3B or UC4A are best for ground contact use. The lumber has the structural strength it is graded with but has fewer blemishes or knots, so a better appearance. Hi Raymond, it looks like this 2 in. Our Services | Lumber Services | Non-stress rated, but economical for general utility purposes such as bracing, blocking, bulkheading, etc. More knots than Premium grade Its appearance ranking is 80% or better clear of defects. s Older growth wood is better but more expensive and difficult to find. Pressure treated wood has many outdoor uses and even is used in some indoor locations, especially where moisture may be a concern. Many homes have fences, retaining walls, and garden boxes constructed of treated wood, and even the wooden utility poles supplying power and communications are pressure treated. In this article, well explain pressure treated (pt) lumber, the different types and uses, and how it is graded. However, enough gets into the wood to provide a shell of protection that cant be matched with a brush. Re-inspection of plant production is performed on a routine frequency by the agency. Premium and select classifications and the percentage of clear wood are appearance grades used by some mills and retailers. This Old House general contractor Tom Silva usually buys stacks of No. The grading is standardized and consistent for structural strength across the U.S. and Canada. KD and KD-HT are often more expensive and less susceptible to warping and shrinkage. In ancient times the Greeks used olive oil, the Romans tar, and others used pitch or lye. ACQ is another environmentally safe preservative composed of soluble copper and either quaternary ammonium alkyl or substitute compounds. No.1 Prime No.2 Prime H ighqu al ty, m ed nc r sfo . #2 Prime/Appearance Grade (APG): A step up from #2 in appearance, this grade will have characteristics . The certification identifies the grade rules used to grade the lumber for example, ALSC is the American Lumber Standard Committee and NLGA is the National Lumber Grades Authority. SPIB is a not-for-profit company that serves as the rules-writing agency for the Standard Grade Rules in Southern pine lumber. wo*kS` 8r 5f)J `A%pWIu `lt=K!a4'(Xg^dU|$a!/,.-`0ir }dF\Nguyi12(8+DU Zty This grade is available in dimensions of 24, 26, 28, 210, and 212 and in lengths from 8 through 24. #1 #2 prime etc deals with the quality of the board. My HD carries some ground contact PT. Working with pressure treated lumber is similar to working with untreated planks. The dry wood is loaded into a treatment cylinder which is then sealed and depressurized to vacuum as much air as possible from the wood cells. MSR lumber is also required to meet certain visual grading requirements. In appearance, it is at least 57% clear of defects. Research shows that . Water-repelling at a molecular level hb```"/VI ealR]2L 7] u~m>^;+g=ll&Cv)!N&%5g~IK1 Structurally, an SPF #1 28 can be used to span distances of 14-11. Myrtle Beach, SC. Its moisture content of 19 percent or more makes it inexpensive, but it can move unpredictably as it shrinks and dries. This lumber has been non-destructively evaluated by an American Lumber Standard Committee approved machine. The molecular changes in wood composition have a result of dimensional stabilization, protection against rot and wither, and as a result, expanded use opportunities. The longer the wood is in the pressure chamber, the greater the content of chemical preservatives forced into and retained in the wood. '\ & Ls30+X61j\e(gV]]M(q9qs)loyM Use UC3A pressure treated lumber for above ground exterior projects. s Pressure treated lumber has been treated with a chemical solution to protect it from insects, mold, mildew, and rot. A Production Category is defined as a given preservative, specie and retention combination. A high-pressure period is then undergone to push the preservative deep into the wood. This cryptic tattoo indicates that a piece of wood meets established standards for strength and stiffness, and it also offers useful information about the type of wood and how much moisture it contains. However, some KD-HT wood at your local lumber yard might have a tag on the end of the lumber that specifies PT. Termawood vapor-stabilization technology is a patented wood heat treatment technology, utilizing a natural thermochemical reaction and steam at temperatures of 230-240 C without ANY chemical additives. Additionally, all cuts and drilled holes should be treated with preservatives to prevent damage to exposed untreated wood. The species and grade, however, affect the spacing between supports with #1 often rated for greater spans. Recommended for most general construction uses where moderately high design values are required. It holds nails, screws, and other fasteners well, and is commonly used in residential, industrial, and commercial construction. 2 kd 19 ht 434 and spib ht 434 it looks like it's kiln dried and heat treated, but is it pressure treated to resist rot? Green unseasoned lumber fresh from the mill is labeled either air-dried (AD) or surface-green (S-GRN). Those stacks also include some No. BOARD GRADES. The solution protects the wood from rot, insects, fungus, mold, and mildew, and also turns the wood a brown tone. The resulting hole will be filled with a treated wood plug to prevent easy access by insects or decay fungi. Another brand of heat treated wood that can be used for decking. THE TREATING PROCESS, QUALITY AND IQC RESPONSIBILITIES. It may have poor drainage and air circulation, or like a sill plate, is difficult to repair or maintain. The preservatives dont affect the load-bearing abilities, just provide protection against insect, mold, mildew, and rot damage. Tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium mobilization induced by BCR engagement is diminished in Spi1+/- SpiB-/- B lymphocytes, although many key BCR signaling proteins are expressed, suggesting that Spi-1 and Spi-B regulate expression of additional . Any lumber experts out there that can confirm KD HT is ok for a new deck? Grade based on No.1 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited. Southern Pines ease of treatability has made it the preferred species when pressure treatment with wood preservatives is required. It has a grain slope of 1 in 12, may have seasoning checks, and tight, well-spaced knots up to 2-1/4 on a 28. High quality, limited in characteristics that affect strength or stiffness. Douglas fir has a tight close grain cell structure making it stronger and less prone to warping and twisting than pine. Charges found non-conforming, either through plant IQC or third-party, are isolated for correction and the corrective actions are to be documented accordingly. See Finish grades for face side; reverse side wane limitations are lower. Some wood goes through a machine that incises small cuts into the surfaces for deeper chemical protection. Southern Pine's ease of treatability has made it the preferred species when pressure treatment with wood preservatives is required. Some mills may then identify it A, B, C, or D for appearance based on how clear or free it is of knots and blemishes. This website is presented by SFPA members, including: 2023 Southern Forest Products Association. &_ePM&dWCh Dont know how PT Pine looks. There are many questions about the different treated wood products in our market today. The main tree species used in the manufacture of pressure treated lumber are softwoods that regionally predominate in the mill area. w t white high school yearbook,
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