. The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. If you use accented vowels, you will c/i/F_t I haven't been able to get solid answers. A boy can regenerate, so demons eat him for years. Every week, the hosts George Corley, Bianca Richards (ne Mangum), William S. Annis, David J. Peterson and Mike Lentine, as well as the occasional guest talk about a conlanging- or linguistics-related topic one week and feature a conlang or natlang the next. I'm curious, and also want to know if I should switch out of using Zompist, which I've been using for the past long time. E.g. variables can't include them. To age a conlang, you might consider making a timeline of changes. want to change the definition of V. Though sound changes can refer to digraphs, A consonant may change to match the place or type of articulation of an adjoining consonant. This page was last edited on 28 January 2021, at 21:39. Yasgheld is licensed under the MIT software license. Chronlang is a simple computer language that allows you to define sound changes in a syntax based on linguistic literature and familiar to users of other popular sound change appliers. it with; select Notepad. At year 700, apply word-final devoicing for obstruents (final voiced obstruents [consonants that block air like stops and affricates] become devoiced). For example, in English and Spanish, /n/ becomes [m] before bilabials and [] before velars (e.g. to transform digraphs in the input file: E.g., if a language had a sound change >that merged, say, /dZ/ and /Z/, how would it decide which one to >reconstruct? This page is not available in other languages. At this point it hasn't received much testing or feedback, so I would appreciate any bug reports or suggestions submitted via an issue on GitHub. One or more elements in the environment can be marked as optional with parentheses. The question concerns Sound Change Appliers (SCAs). sound-changes conlanging historical-conlanging Updated Jun 6, 2017; Haskell; How do you determine a New Letter's sound? Need help? It was then up to you, using cut and paste, to save these in a file. This list will help you: cosmicos, tone, langua, pandunia, Conkey, sca, and bead. compare it to is creating new animals indirectly, by mutating their DNA. If neither --sound-classes-file nor --no-sound-classes are used, the following sound classes are used: This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. re-save the file as a real .lex file. This is an old version of Lexurgy. and the sound changes for Kebreni (right-click!). The Language Creation Society is a prestigious body of professional conlangers and resources. etc. python linguistics phonology phonetics conlang phonological-rules Updated May 31, 2021; Python . Runs from the command line using Java and is easily configured with text files. Usage--file-based-sound-change | -f to apply a set of rules to a set of words, each defined in a separate file, creating a text file with the changed words; . The study of when sound changes occur in a particular place and in what order the changes happen. Save Input Words. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. You can use it to help work out a reconstruction for actual languages, to create plausible descendants of a conlang, or in fact to make any structured set of lexical changes to a database of words. k/s/_F Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. It also host an interactive glossary on linguistic features and terms. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Some of these examples are my own, and I apologize if they don't work as universal examples. You can use it to help work out a reconstruction for actual languages, to create plausible descendants of a conlang, or in fact to make any structured set of lexical changes to a database of words. Sound changes are born every time we speak. I've heard good things about Haedus, Phonix, RSCA, VSCA and many more. 48. r/conlangs. E.g. More generally, a sound change looks like this: It interacts with Google Maps to show geographical diffusion and concrete examples. For instance. Hit Generate to create a random wordlist. Z//V_V omits the source word from the output, leaving only output words, like this: The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. for this, though this is not a requirement. Did you accidentally erase all your work? If you've done this right, the file won't Only show final output (no arrows) Save Output Words . That can be all there is, as in, The character # represents the beginning or end of the word. the first rule voices the p, resulting in obera; the second to the second category by analogy. Sound Change Applier - bloglang To do this, it applies some simple rules: If you dont want the input lexicon to go in your file, uncheck Files include input lexicon. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. As an example, some varieties of Brazilian Portuguese delete final /r/ in verbs, but not in nouns or nominalized verbs. It should be easy to make on-the-fly revisions to a project, even one you haven't touched in months. GitHub - alray2569/SoundChange: A sound change applier, for historical The syntax is slightly different, which allows you to write some rules more compactly or clearly, but it is feature-rich enough to be a full replacement for SCA2. For me, there is a peculiar, intense pleasure in creating a daughter language with a particular feel to it, merely by altering the set of Some of the most common general processes are: Lenition, probably one of the most common sound changes, in which a "softer" sound becomes a "louder" sound. That doesn't seem too broad to me. For instance, a language may lenite a particular sound, only if it follows a particular consonant. The word to be changed will refuse to change. Conlang: Re: Reversible sound change applier (Alex Fink, May 11 '06, 3:03) I took these notes a few years ago from Lyle Campbell's Historical Linguistics 1st ed. i//VC_V [ Back to the Language Construction Kit ], A Mac executable, which you can download either in. S/Z/V_V ConLanging Resources - Google Docs Why does Acts not mention the deaths of Peter and Paul? It only takes a minute to sign up. gitlab. The child language is the result; the language that you will present to other people, or put in your novel, or whatever other reason you conlang for. Now type cd plus the name of the directory PHOIBLE Online is a repository of cross-linguistic phonological inventory data, which have been extracted from source documents and tertiary databases and compiled into a single searchable convenience sample. Or you can output HTML or ZBB BBCode. Which SCAs does everyone prefer, and why? About. define the variables to match how you've set up the .lex sound changes. where x is the thing to be changed, The 2014 edition includes 2155 inventories that contain 2160 segment types found in 1672 distinct languages., The World Phonotactics Database is a searchable database containing information about phonotactic restrictions of languages of the world. > Regular expression syntax? u//_C(C)F Mark Rosenfelder, 2012. At year 725, a new word derives from a word from an ancient text from year 300. Top 10 conlang Open-Source Projects (Apr 2023) - LibHunt Are words based on acronyms treated differently when the language changes over time? The extensions should be left off. EDIT: (I actually tried installing Phonix but am currently having technical difficulties on a mac). language family for ideas. (In English, -tion turn verbs into nouns, -ify turn nouns into verbs, other amazing examples here ) Go ahead and give some examples, by combining some roots with each other and with inflections! E.g. The results may surprise you if you didnt realize your transcription system was ambigious. The child language is going to contain all the history. My plan to create these daughter languages is by using the zompist.com sound change applier app to evolve the words of my language into multiple daughter languages, and then apply semantic shifts, borrowings, and other pieces of worldbuilding contextbut that's a separate issue. So the above rule can also be written, The environment must always contain an underline _, representing the part that changes. Lenition is especially common intervocalically (between two vowels). The program will handle whatever you put into the .lex and .sc Word generators allow conlangers to quickly create a lexicon from a simple phonology and a defined syllabic structure. The rules can be written in any of the following forms: where x becomes y when x is between a and b. Similarly, I wrote the rules to output For example, *cwadrut yields hawar in language A and qewarro in language B and kawrs in language C but shwuntz in language D and shhwandaras in language E. As you examine other words, you notice that ancestral [k-] remains [k] or becomes [h] (both palatal sounds) in several languages, all of which are at the eastern end of this proto language's continuum; while most of the languages where ancestral [k-] has become [] are all in the west. The information of the atlas is published under a Creative Commons license by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and by the Max Planck Digital Library. Define the phonemes that make up those categories in the box at the left. Currently I have a completed phonology, most of the grammar, and I'm beginning the lexicon. based on spellings or phonemes. (Try it with the defaults: change [sm]//_# in the first sound change to [m]//_# and hit Apply. Privacy Policy. It would be better to output a phonetic representation. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Don't feel limited to delete all /e/ after a consonant. The first two non-control parameters are taken as filenames: By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. To do: Theiling Online Sitemap Conlang Mailing List HQ . In Latin, /s/ became /z/ between vowels (lenition), and /z/ then proceeded to become /r/. rev2023.4.21.43403. Latin did this, so that original flos and honos became flor and honor, to match their genitives floris and honoris. The __ indicates a "placeholder" for where the original sound was and where the new sound goes. While there are general patterns, it's also important to note that some sound changes seem completely illogical and random, and just sort of happen. Or alternately, one that will work in conjunction with SIL's Toolbox (or other SIL product)? Phonetics can be cool, but for me the magic starts at the phonology. Examples: Nonce categories in the environment (only) can include other categories: Nonce categories in the environment can include the word boundary #. It is written in Python and uses configuration files in YAML, so you'll need to install Python (SCA is known to work with version 2.6, but probably won't with 3.x) and PyYAML to be able to use it.. SCA was originally written as an aid for linguists and . C is any consonant. Using it, you can compare and contrast phonotactic patterns in different languages, group languages by features, investigate the frequencies of different settings for different features, and view the areal distribution of such patterns through the use of the interactive map.. Kind of a simplistic exercise, but it's a good method to start. $ . I will add more features as people request them or as I get new ideas. conventional spellings, but I could just as easily have used orthographic Portuguese, simply to make for an easy example. You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. "Save as type" dropdown to "All files" instead of "Text documents". It is also possible just to browse through the Universals Archive. E.g. The most infamous examples are the ruki rule, where [s] became [] but only after [r, w, k, j] (? IPA will post a set of IPA and other useful Unicode characters to the Output area. The -p command line parameter Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? About SCA Geoff's Sound Change Applier, SCA hereafter, is a program which applies rule-based transformations to strings of Unicode text. We will evolve the child language by applying sound changes to the parent. -l overrides -b if present) and can use alternate fields to indicate the conlang (i.e., the \lx heads are in the natlang, \ge is the English gloss, and \gn, nominally the "national language" gloss, could be used for the . Why xargs does not process the last argument? Fiat Lingua is a journal run by the LCS; all articles therein are produced by real-life conlangers and available online in .pdf format. The third gives the input and output words in order. Mark Rosenfelder, 2018. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. In a sense - you can specify syllable boundaries in rules (using suprasegmental characters which carry that feature, such as stress marks, or by the feature itself), and in the reverse applier the possible antecedent words are limited by (optional) syllable structure definitions. ph/f/_. More generally, a sound change looks like this: Optionally you can use in place of the first slash. In another 300 years, the similarity will be a question at some bar's trivia night. Conlang-L or Reddit or CBB would be forums better suited, but I do have some ideas that might serve to get you started. So I've looked at examples of natural languages, but I'm not sure what's going on with the notation, nor have I been able to identify any patterns that will help me create realistic sound changes for my languages. leitor So if you have a rule, Epenthesis is supported by leaving the target part of the rule blank. phonix, a feature-based sound-change applier : r/conlangs - Reddit if a case distinction is maintained in some words and lost in others, it may spread Is there a sound change applier that will work within excel? You should see several of the words change, now retaining their final s.). At year 800, introduce rule C that applies to all previous words, including new loan words. He also rips off an arm to use as a sword. rules-file: text file with the rules; words-file: text file with the words--named-sound-change | -n to apply a named sound change to words passed on the command line, and then prints the words after the change; TriSCA - a new web-based sound change applier. A minor scale definition: am I missing something? will be taken as a comment and ignored. Now you can run sounds as described above. I didnt use * because a) its very computery and b) people may have used it in their sound changes and I didnt want to break them. erickcan/sound-change-applier - Github Latin American Spanish has innovated cocinar Here's how to read it: e > 0 / VC_# if consonants is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), this means the sound /e/ becomes zero (or deletes) when it takes the place of the underscore in this phrase: VC_#(end of word) and if these conditions are met: only if the consonant is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), so if you have a word that end in V,(l, r, n, s, th [and sometimes y]),e then the e will delete. Variable definitions should come first, one per line; then sound changes, one per line. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. If at a certain point in time there are some sounds X in words, they all will change to Y even if some of them were W a few centuries ago while some have been X since the beginning of the language. What are the most common sound changes in natlangs? says to change u to Categories: the second gives the name of the .sc file, containing the sound changes What "benchmarks" means in "what are benchmarks for?". You can apply these rules in certain contexts or in very instance. @AntonSherwood I don't think the intermediate steps have ever been reconstructed, but as far as I'm aware, *d became r (which isn't unusual), the labiovelar glide *w turned into velar k, and e was an epenthetic vowel inserted for phonotactic reasons. SCA - Sound Change Applier. The first option just prints each output word; this is good for generating a new list of words (e.g. This has helped me age my language to make my sound systems consistent and to turn old roots into a modern lexicon. This option is good for applying a permanent lexical transformation to a list of words. To help with this, some conlangers have written computer programs called Sound change appliers that automate much of this work for you. Monophthongization is the simplification of a diphthong (or triphthong) down to a single vowel. Parse .sc will parse the consolidated text in the Sound Changes text box into the appropriate input boxes. yourselfiegotleaked Jono . E.g. Remnants of Germanic umlaut can be seen in English, e.g. Svelte; Improve this page Add a description, image, and links to the sound-change-applier topic page so that developers can more easily learn about it. the correct pronunciation of the word 60% of the time, and make only minor errors The members offer conlinguistic services and organises Language Creation Conferences for the conlanging community. That can be all there is, as in -* Old Portuguese. The replacement string must be nonblank, and the environment must contain at least one symbol besides _. files, including accented characters. Any answers you have to these questions (or miscellaneous stuff about SCAs in general) would be greatly appreciated by me and, I think, the rest of the community! is there such a thing as "right to be heard"? This causes alternations between /s/ and /r/ in some words' inflected forms: Flower is flos in the nominative singular, but floris in the genitive. use accented vowels for this. Which are the best open-source conlang projects? After centuries the stones will be smooth. can assist in debugging rules, since it causes the output to show exactly what rules applied to each word. phono - Phonology Builder. lector --> leitor. Most people think English spelling is hopeless; but in fact the rules predict For example, Here we are indicating that [x] becomes [h] when following [V], where [V] is "any vowel". Sound changes are hard to get right the first try, and it can take a lot of tinkering and experimentation to produce the results you want. I was pretty thorough with my sound changes, but it did catch a few legitimate errors on my part. As you will see below, these terms are general: multiple terms may refer to the same phenomena. certainly want to handle vowel length and stress. Hit Undo parse/upload, which will restore the state of your input fields before the last Browse or Parse command. About SCA Geoff's Sound Change Applier, SCA hereafter, is a program which applies rule-based transformations to strings of Unicode text. The comparison is very simple-minded; in particular it cant keep track of added or deleted lines in the lexicon. Theiling Online Sitemap Conlang Mailing List HQ . Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. sca2 - sound change applier - Zompist.com the two input files on the left Press the Help button for full documentation. One of my works-in-progress is a language called Proto-Oreadin. it won't add .txt to your file name. To answer part a), the basic syntax of the notation goes like this: The part after the slash gives the situations in which the sound changes occur. In some languages, such as Russian and Irish, velarized consonants often contrast with palatalized consonants. If you don't like that progression, try another one. However, it won't affect (say) achior, Here are the three SCA's shown in this video:SCA2: https://www.zompist.com/sca2.htmlTriSCA: https://trimill.github.io/sca/Lexurgy: https://www.lexurgy.com/s. vocabulary of Methaiun SCA - sound change applier - help - Zompist.com Derive words throughout the timeline and preserve changes in history. (There are some general rules that determine what this actually means, although it can vary between languages).
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